Ethan wrote: ↑Fri May 11, 2018 4:13 pm
I equated שם (shem) with Σημα "Mark" , According too the Lexicon the root is שום
see Gen 4:15 "Mark of Cain" written σημεῖον τῷ Καιν .
That does not make much semantic sense. The structure of this word also has problems.
sêmeion = sêma + -ion (diminutive suffix)
and
sêma = *sê- + -ma, -mat- with the -ma (another derivational suffix). This suffix appears in several other Greek words, and Latin has cognate suffix -men, Sanskrit -man, Russian -mja, -men-, etc. Two Indo-European words with that suffix are *(h1)nomn "name" and *seh1mn "seed" (> Latin sêmen, Russian semja, semjen-).
So the m has nothing to do with the m in Hebrew "shem".
B. Semen (שמן ) - "Seed Oil" ( same meaning in both Latin & Hebrew)
- ζωμόν ( Zwmon) "fat, greasy fellow or broth.
- Σμη "Wipe with Grease, make-shine , elbow-grease"
The -ma and -men words follow those languages' consonant-stem declensions, with stems -mat- and -min-. Thus, for "name", the genitive ("of a name") in Greek is onomatos and in Latin is nôminis.
Also, the Russian word imja is one of 10 nouns that share its declension. Its genitive is imjeni.
Together,
onoma - onomatos
nômen - nominis
imja - imjeni
You only need to examine the Greek word, the word 'onoma' stems from νομῷ
meaning, Graze, Law, Pasture, Habitation, Custom.
A. נאה "Nae" - Pasturage/Habitation
B. כנה "Kne" - Flattering title
C. חמ "Km" - In-Law
D. עונה "Onah - cohabitation
E. מכון "Mkun" - Habitation
F. מעון " Moun" - Habitation
G γαμβρός "Gambros" - Connection by marriage
H. אלמנה "Almana" - widow
I. ἄγαμον"Agamon - widow
F. כלה "KLE" - In-Law
G. καλέω "Kalew" - to be called
H. שאל "Sal" - to grant
I will now discuss noun cases. These are modifications of a word to indicate its syntactic role. English is very short on noun cases, instead using prepositions and word order most of the time. Prepositions can also follow a word that they are used with, making them postpositions. A general term for the two is adpositions. Drawing the line between postpositions and noun-case endings can be difficult.
Here is what English has by way of noun cases. Nouns can have the possessive suffix -s, and pronouns have four forms: a nominative or subject case ("I"), an oblique case that serves as direct object (accusative), indirect object (dative or to-case), and preposition object ("me"), a possessive adjective ("my"), and a possessive predicate noun ("mine"). Examples:
This post's contents are all mine. (possessive suffix on a noun)
I am writing this post. (nominative)
You are reading me. (oblique - accusative)
You should give me your comments. (oblique - dative)
Post here with me. (oblique - preposition object)
This is my post. (possessive adjective)
This post is mine. (possessive predicate noun)
Some languages have essentially no noun cases, while some other languages have a lot more noun cases than English has. The latter ones include the older Indo-European languages and the more conservative present-day ones. Though English has lost most noun cases, languages can also gain cases. Also, many of the older and/or more conservative IE languages make prepositions vary in meaning by combining them with different cases.
Latin had six cases: vocative (case of addressing someone or something), nominative, accusative, dative, genitive (of-case, broader than possessive), ablative (from-case, though often used as an instrumental (with-case) or a locative (in-case) case).
Russian has seven cases: nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, instrumental, and prepositional (always occurs with prepositions, though it's essentially a locative). Most other Slavic languages also have these cases.
Classical Greek had five cases: vocative, nominative, accusative, dative, and genitive.
Proto-Indo-European is reconstructed as having vocative, nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, instrumental, locative, and ablative.
Pronouns usually have noun-case declensions similar to what nouns have, though when languages lose noun cases, pronouns may lag a bit. Like in English.
A word that as various prefixes and suffixes is θυμός /חמד because this word as so many modifications
and carries so many meanings, Desire, Pleasure, Delight, Beauty, Covet, Anger, Wrath, Rage, Desire, Will, Passion. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/θυμός