rgprice wrote: ↑Sat Mar 06, 2021 7:01 am
What is a good resource that clarifies the underlying names in the scriptures?
Obviously consulting the original text is the optimal way to go. I typically use BibleWorks 10 for this, but if you do not have that kind of software, you can go to BibleHub to get the Hebrew, the OT Greek (LXX/OG), and the NT Greek. For the Qumran materials which are not biblical, I use
The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition, by Florentino García Martínez & Eibert Tigchelaar; this handy book offers both the original text and a serviceable translation. The biblical fragments are translated in
The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible, by Martin G. Abegg, Peter Flint, & Eugene Ulrich. Accessing the original languages for the biblical fragments is more challenging, but I have consulted both the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series and growing online resources like the
Digital Dead Sea Scrolls project (which has the Isaiah scroll).
I know that sometimes Lord really means Lord and sometimes its a stand-in for Yahweh, but its impossible to tell in most translations.
If you must use a translation,
at least use one that distinguishes between "Lord" for
adonai and "LORD" for
Yahweh. I use the NASB, which is available at the Bible Gateway, which I seldom access directly; rather, I just google something like "Isaiah 1 nasb," and the Bible Gateway results are almost always at the top of the search.
Also, what are the differences in these representations between Hebrew scriptures and the LXX?
Not sure what you are asking here.
From what I understand, we've had the problem that most of the Hebrew scripture we have today are actually more recent than the LXX, and thus may not really be representative of Hellenistic era scriptures.
This is correct. The problem is mitigated somewhat by how faithful both the Masoretic copyists and the copyists who preceded them were, a fact driven home by how often the Hebrew text at Qumran lines up with the Masoretic text used today. However, and this is very important, there are some parts of the text which were edited at some point (I already pointed out Deuteronomy 32.7-9, for example) in between the Qumran text and our Masoretic text. Sometimes the LXX/OG will follow what seems to be the more original, and sometimes it will instead reflect the editing.
Of course we have Qumran now, but everything isn't represented there and I don't know that modern translated make use of Qumranic texts, they still derive from the MT as far as I know.
Yes, modern translations still reflect the Masoretic text, at least for the most part. But
The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible can help out in this regard.