Kowresh mashiyach

Discussion about the Hebrew Bible, Septuagint, pseudepigrapha, Philo, Josephus, Talmud, Dead Sea Scrolls, archaeology, etc.
Ethan
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Kowresh mashiyach

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Isaiah 44:28
That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid

Isaiah 45:1
Thus saith the LORD to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him; and I will loose the loins of kings, to open before him the two leaved gates; and the gates shall not be shut

Christians are not allowed to read Isaiah 45:1, since the only verse that משיח appears in the Book and yet Christians produced thousands upon thousands of spam about Messianic prophecies and they always emphasize the Book of Isaiah and never read verse forty five one.
Last edited by Ethan on Tue Nov 05, 2019 2:26 pm, edited 3 times in total.
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
Ethan
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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In the Septuagint verse of 45:1, it reads למשיחו לכורש as τῷ χριστῷ μου Κύρῳ, the ו suffixed unto משיח should be αὐτοῦ "His", usually י means μου "My", although ו/י does interchange.

The Septuagint equates the ל with the dative article, τῷ, when it actually equates with ἐς, a preposition with the accusative.
למשיחו לכורש > ἐς ἐπίχριστον αὐτοῦ ἐς Κῦρον

ἐς - with Verbs of saying or speaking, relates to the persons to or before whom one speaks (LSJ)
Last edited by Ethan on Mon Nov 25, 2019 7:04 am, edited 1 time in total.
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
Ethan
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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Perhaps the verse should be compared with DDS version of Isaiah.
Image

כה־אמר יהוה למשיחו לכורש (MSS)
Image
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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The conjunction that begins the verse is written כוה instead of כה, its interesting that כוה phonetically resembles the Latin conjunction, Que, indeed through prefix suffix metathesis, כוה־אמר would be dixitque.

כוה also means ὡς or sic a conjunction with verbs of saying.
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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In the 3rd person perfect tense, the verb as no ending, so אמר equates with εἴρηκε "He has said", later in the verse, Isaiah writes החזקתי , the ־תי indicates the first person perfect tense, the ה־ is a preposition.

εἴρηκε resembles כה־אמר as if it were written אמר־כה.

אפתח is the future tense and also the final verb, יסגרו, a 3rd person (י־) plural (־ו) in the future tense.

What is interesting about the verb, אפתח, its Homeric, πετάσω (πετάω, πετάννυμι)
Hom.: part. spread wide, opened wide, of folding doors (Autenrieth)

Infinitives
לפתח πέτασσαι 'to open'
לרד κρατεῖν 'to conquer, prevail, get the upper hand, get possession of, to hold in the hand
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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In the DDS, גוים is written גואים, inputting this into Greek study tool produces a result, γύαι. In Hebrew, the plural is formed by adding a mute י plus a terminal ם.

γύαι - a piece of land (cf. Lat. juger), Eur.: mostly in pl. lands, fields
This semantically aligns with גוים which is also mostly in plural.

The wealthy lands of the Lydians and Phrygian (δὲ Λυδῶν τὰς πολυχρύσους γύας Φρυγῶν) - Strabo 1.21
But now from Lydia's field, With gold abounding, from the Phrygian realm (Strabo 1.8)
The artichoke fills every field (γύην) with its thorn, Hecatæus the Milesian, in his Description of Asia (Athenaeus 2.28)

γύαι/גואים always describes Asia minor, specifically around the land of the Lydians and Phrygians, which then also aligns with King Cyrus and his most important battle, the Siege of Sardis in 547 BCE in Lydia.

γυάλοις
pl., of hollow ground, vales, dells,
- Λύδιά τ᾽ ἂγ γύαλα throughout the vales of Lydia
- γυάλοις Θεράπνας (Vales of Therapna) צרפת
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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Asia minor famous for its gold enriched Kingdoms.

זהב מאופז χρυσόν ἄπο Ἔφεσος 'gold from Ephesus' (Jeremiah 10:9)
זהב מופז χρυσός ἄπεφθος 'refined gold'
כתם פז χρυσός ἑφθὸς refined gold
כתם אופיר χρυσός ἄπυρος 'unsmelted gold'
מופז ἑφθῶν 'be refined' (participle)

לילה 'Lilith came from Γυγαίη, the nymph of the Gygaean lake, in western Turkey, northwest of Sardes.
דוד resembles Γύγ , the Lydian King Gyges.

King Cyrus, through his grandmother, is a descendent of King Gyges (דוד/Γύγ) thus fulfilled that particular Messianic prophecy.

ξάνθος, ξουθός 'Yellow, of Gold.
זהב זוהב צידן אדמוני שמשון דהבה שמש אשכנז
הסמדר < ὁ Σκάμανδρος > الشمندر (al shamandar) 'beet (of its colour)
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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One of the attributes of Cyrus in Isaiah is the freeing of slaves, this aligns with his battles with Croesus .

Croesus began the campaign with an invasion of Cappadocia, crossing the Halys and capturing Pteria, then capital of the district and formidable as a fortress; The city was sacked, and the inhabitants enslaved.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Pteria

Obadiah 1:20
The captivity of Jerusalem, which is in Sepharad
גלת ירושלם אשר בספרד

ספרד commonly interpreted as Sardes, in the Vulgar, it is read בספרד (Bosporus) and the Septuagint reads Εφραθα (Ephratha) usually transliterating אפרתה, the dialect form of לחם in בית לחם for the temple of Demeter. Another interpretation, ספרד means Sparta and Zarephath with Therapnes cf. אפרתה הוא לחם בית/Σπάρτη ἧ Λακεδαιμων

גלת (Sept. ἡ μετοικεσία) "Captivity"

גלת/ἔλασις - driving away, banishing, driving of them away as booty cf. γείτων/γείτονος
μετοικεσία/משכנתה - settler from abroad, alien resident in a foreign city, denizen
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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Obadiah 1:20 - ירשו את ערי הנגב (Gk. κληρονομήσουσιν τὰς πόλεις τοῦ Ναγεβ)

ירשו means παραδώσομεν 'give a city or person into another's hands' where-as κληρονομήσουσιν means ינחלו as translated in Numbers 26:55. Septuagint transliterates הנגב into Ναγεβ rather then του Νότου "of the south or south-west quarter"

Isaiah 45:1 יסגרו συγκληίουσι

אסגר συγκλείω
to shut or coop up, hem in, enclose, abs., σύγκλῃε shut the doors , τὰς πύλας, abs., close up the ranks
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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Re: Kowresh mashiyach

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Isaiah 45:1 continues in verse 2.
אני לפניך אלך והדורים אושר דלתות נחושה אשבר ובריחי ברזל אגדע

הדורים ὀδούς 'of Place, way, road, threshold, entrance to any place,
אושר ὀρθόω 'set straight, in height, set upright, set up one fallen or lying down, raise up
דלתות θύρας 'doors freq. in pl. of double or folding doors cf. δικλίδες
נחושה καυχός, χάλκεος 'of copper Lt. aheneus
בריחי βαρέα 'heavy in weight cf. μοχλός; wooden or iron bar or bolt placed across gates on the inside and secured
ברזל περίσκληρος 'very hard cf. σίδᾶρος
אשבר θραύω 'break in pieces, shatter
אגדע ἐκκόπτω 'to cut out, knock out, as military term, to beat off, repulse,
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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