.
στιβάς
Mark 11:8
καὶ πολλοὶ τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτῶν ἔστρωσαν εἰς τὴν ὁδόν, ἄλλοι δὲ στιβάδας κόψαντες ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν
and many the cloaks of them spread on the road, others moreover „stibadas“ having been cut down from the fields.
Matthew 21:8 others cut down branches (κλάδους - kladous) from the trees, and strawed them in the way.
Luke 19:36 (omitted) And as he went, they spread their clothes in the way.
John 12:13: took branches of palm trees (βαΐα τῶν φοινίκων - baia tōn phoinikōn), and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna
LSJ The Online Liddell-Scott-Jones
στι^βάς , άδος, ἡ, (στείβω)
*A. bed of straw, rushes, or leaves, whether strewn loose (cf. Ev.Marc.11.8), or stuffed into a mattress, E.Hel. 798; “χαμαιπετής” Id.Tr.507; “σχοίνων” Ar.Pl.541; “ἐπὶ στιβάδων ἐστρωμένων μίλακι καὶ μυρρίναις” Pl.R.372b; “χἁ ς. ἐσσεῖται πεπυκασμένα . . κνύζᾳ τ᾽ ἀσφοδέλῳ τε” Theoc.7.67, cf. 13.34.
b. straw strewn at a sacrifice, hence as name of the ceremony, IG22.1368.48, al. (ii A.D.).
2. mattress, Hdt.4.71, Ar.Pl.663; “ἐπὶ στιβάδος κατακείμενος” Epicur.Fr.207; esp. one used by soldiers, Eup.254, Ar. Pax348, X.HG7.1.16, Plb.5.48.4.
3. generally, bed, Theopomp. Hist.166.
4. nest or lair of mice, Arat.1140; of the fish φυκίς, Arist.HA607b21.
5. grave, BCH13.37 (Iasus), 22.373 (Caria), Ath.Mitt.15.277 (ibid.).
A few examples from the ancient literature with translations found in the Perseus Digital Library
Euripides, Helen, 798
Μενελέως: ὁρῶ ταλαίνας στιβάδας, ὧν τί σοὶ μέτα;
Menelaos: I see a miserable bed of straw, but what do you have to do with it?
Euripides, The Trojan Women, 507
Ἑκάβη: … νῦν δ᾽ ὄντα δοῦλον, στιβάδα πρὸς χαμαιπετῆ πέτρινά τε κρήδεμν᾽,
Hecuba: … but now am a slave, to a bed upon the ground, near some rocky ridge,
Aristophanes, Plutus, 541
πρὸς δέ γε τούτοις ἀνθ᾽ ἱματίου μὲν ἔχειν ῥάκος: ἀντὶ δὲ κλίνης στιβάδα σχοίνων κόρεων μεστήν, ἣ τοὺς εὕδοντας ἐγείρει:
Besides, to possess a rag in place of a mantle, a pallet of rushes swarming with bugs, that do not let you close your eyes, for a bed
Plato, Republic, 372b
κατακλινέντες ἐπὶ στιβάδων ἐστρωμένων μίλακί τε καὶ μυρρίναις
reclined on rustic beds strewn with bryony and myrtle
Herodotus, The Histories, 4.71
καὶ ἔπειτα, ἐπεὰν θέωσι τὸν νέκυν ἐν τῇσι θήκῃσι ἐπὶ στιβάδος
Then, having laid the body on a couch in the tomb
Aristophanes, Peace, 348
πολλὰ γὰρ ἀνεσχόμην πράγματά τε καὶ στιβάδας, ἃς ἔλαχε Φορμίων:
I have suffered so much; have so oft slept with Phormio on hard beds.
Xenophon, Hellenica, 7.1.16
and the men were rising from their camp-beds and going wherever each one had to go.
ἐκ δὲ τῶν στιβάδων ἀνίσταντο ὅποι ἐδεῖτο ἕκαστος
Polybius, Histories, 5.48.4
τῶν δὲ κοιμωμένων οἱ μὲν πλείους ἐν αὐταῖς ταῖς στιβάσι κατεκόπησαν
Of the sleeping soldiers most were killed in their beds
The following is a
google-translated post of a Greek forum. The author "nickel" was not interested in the gospel of Mark or specifically in the word „στιβάς“. His goal was to show how words with a very different meaning all etymologically rooted in the verb στείβω (steíbō - tread on, stamp on).
What mess and this! From a steivo all started and failed miserable to stay in language so far - even if trying the Bambiniotis.
The ancient steivo meant trample. The "steivomenai pathways" of Xenophon was pathways (beaten paths / tracks). From reset to zero stiv- step came athletics, ie. The beaten track in the original meaning and, in recent years, it pressed, the flattened piece of the stadium for matches (track). From the same stiv- and rugged (robust), which has not changed meaning from the time of Homer, and the horde: dense array (close array) in ancient, barbarian hordes (swarms, hordes) today.
But from there (from meaning "compress") is the layer. The ancient layer described materials such as straw or leaves compressed into a layer (LSJ: bed of straw, rushes, or leaves, whether strewn loose or stuffed into a mattress; mattress), while today layer describes a dense layer (layer). It is often used in medical terminology, so I give some parallels:
cell layer = cell layer
transparent layer of skin = stratum lucidum, clear layer
= horny layer (stratum) corneum
granular layer of the cerebellum = granular layer
pigment layer of the retina = pigmented layer of retina
monolayer = monolayer
= stratified multilayer
Also:
the ozone layer, the ozone layer
the electrons of the outer layer = the electrons of the outer layer (of an atom)
The avalanche (avalanche) has a history of 150 years. Copy the entry from the snowdrift MGA 1930 (approx): Layer of snow. By the term are erminefousi Tine the English «snow-rollers», being other hand apodidousi by the term chionokylindros, others not by refusing entirely provided snowdrift, antikathistosi evasion through the drifting snow conditions and snow accumulated.
Confused? And I. In OED, snow roller = a cylinder of snow formed by the action of the wind rolling it along. they might still want to describe the snowdrift.
There I looked from when, surely, however, the postwar years, avalanche is the landslide of snow. But it is not only avalanche (together with the transport meanings). There are snowballs of mikimaous (mythical, because there are as natural phenomenon), rolling on the slope and all grow. The verb snowball = I dimensions snowball. The snowball effect translates snowball. And vice versa. The avalanche effect is related to electrical engineering and cryptography. There is the "snowball effect" in Greek-English dictionary, but good Greek-I see translation as the phénomène de l'avalanche, to point out that the right is effet boule de neige.
With transition, as recompense gave pay, the steivo gave ancient padding, the padding the cram (stack, pile (up) | cram, squeeze | stow) and cram the newer stack (stack, pile, heap) and derivatives as stacking (stacking and cramming, crowding), stoivadoros (stacker) and the famous stacking (stowage) ships, which though they ignore known Greek dictionaries.
As we said at the beginning, he gave us all this verb steivo and lost itself in the path (to the point that my debugger, I write every steivo corrects automatically twist!). Affected, say the etymology, another verb, the astringent (in the company of the acrid, astringent, alum, alum) and now writing squeeze (squeeze a lemon | wring the clothes | squeeze my mind, rack my brains). Few of the above I said earlier in wrung lemonokoupa.
In the same company and the spin cycle. The LNEG writes steivo, esteipsa, steimmenos, pressing of citrus, but hardly seems will resurrect the old spelling. Maybe you do not need. Changed also the importance of the word of "trample" and hardly see the relationship with the arena, the layer or stack.
But see another mess. Read Major in layer: a set of similar things that form a dense layer: layer of snow. Similar to LKN: dense and thick material layer: Layers of snow. And I suspect they mean stowed snow. Be same confusion that I find in many Greek-English dictionary? So the books Stavropoulos see layers and layers wastepaper. Elsewhere, snow layers or layers books. Such uses (except the one with the snow) I see a Greek dictionaries or online. They messed with the stack or once called it? There should be written layer that limmatografei the LNEG (1 stack. 2. (esfalm.) Layer) and use the Internet?
If a stranger read the following comment to Spelling, will have right to say "It's crazy these Greeks'
To put it together. The meaning of the word „στιβάς“ is defined by
1)
function: It is something on which one can lay to sleep or to rest or ...
2)
material: It is something that is made out of vegetable matter, pressed or layered, such as straw, leaves ...
= it means simply „strawmat“ or „bed of straw and leaves“
Getting ready for Jesus' royal welcome!