Biblical Criticism & History Forum - earlywritings.com

Occurrences of Κηφᾶς/Kifás in Pauline Writings * **Galatians 1:18**: Paul mentions visiting Kifás (Κηφᾶς) in Jerusalem. * **Galatians 2:9**: James, Kifás (Κηφᾶς), and John are mentioned as pillars of the Jerusalem church. * **1 Corinthians 1:12**: Paul mentions divisions in the Corinthian church, in...

Κηφᾶς - Képhas - Cēphās (Latin) - Cephas - also means rock Bivin, David N. (1 January 2014). "10 Jesus' Petros–petra Wordplay (Matthew 16:18): Is It Greek, Aramaic, or Hebrew?". The Language Environment of First Century Judaea : 375–394. doi: 10.1163/9789004264410_012 . Gr.:Κηφᾶς/ Kifás ,...

Rock as a metaphor for stability may be totally distinct from “rocky” as used to refer to soil. The metaphor of a "rock-solid foundation" is used in philosophical texts and the image of a "heart of stone" is developed in tragic plays . If "heart of stone" is banal, the...

...leaving Paul as the only legitimate apostle. In Walsh's new gMark manuscript she will feature the shared Middle Platonic Greek words that occur in Paul & gMark. And will present the milieu for when these terms were used. eta.[hr] Such vocabulary is emblematic of Greek Paideia . Which for a F...

[gMark] has focused entirely on only three disciples: Peter, James and John. In every instance but one , they speak in unison , e.g. the request to sit at the glorified Jesus’ right and left hand. (p. 11) [hr] --MacDonald, Dennis R. (2014). The Gospels and Homer: Imitations of Greek Epic in Mark an...

So to be clear .. Circa 50 CE, Paul joined an anti-temple-cult that was sectarian and deprecated the national (Jewish nobility) endorsed temple-cult. The Torah observant cult Paul joined may of styled themselves "Brothers of the Lord" with Símōnos/Σίμωνος as the founder/leader. Can you mak...

Jesus put a name on Simon, and that name was Petron. Notably the Markan author does not have Jesus appoint Simon as he did the other disciples, but just calls him a name. Per Mark 3:13-19] pinning the new name “Peter” on Simon (with the resultant stylistic disasters that Σίμωνι, “Simon,” does not go...

Were phrases like "dumb as a rock" used at this time? Are there known examples of the term "rock" being used negatively from either, Greek, Roman, or Jewish sources? Keyword Search: Homer & Vergil eMail Robyn Faith Walsh, who is working on a new manuscript project per gMark+...

Thus, the field is still wide open as it should be... [Instead] of more polemical reactions on all sides of these debates about the historicity of Jesus, perhaps it would be more worthwhile to see what can be learned. (p. xiii.) --James Crossley "Foreword" in Lataster, Raphael (2019). Que...