The "manifested" life of Jesus: Paul's influence on Mark's longer ending
Posted: Thu Sep 22, 2022 1:38 am
Hypothesis: The "manifested" life of Jesus roots the longer ending of Mark in Pauline thought
Note the multiple appearances of the φαίνω (phainó) word group:
to bring to light, to cause to appear, i.e. to manifest
https://biblehub.com/greek/5316.htm
2 Cor 4:11
For we who live are always being given over to death for Jesus’ sake,
so that the life of Jesus also may be manifested (φανερωθῇ)
in our mortal flesh.
Mark 4:22
For there is nothing hidden (κρυπτὸν), save that it should be manifested (φανερωθῇ);
neither was anything made secret (ἀπόκρυφον), but in order to manifest (φανερόν).
Mark's Longer Ending
Mk 16:9
Early on the first day of the week, after Jesus had risen, He manifested (ἐφάνη)
first to Mary Magdalene, from whom He had driven out seven demons.
Mk 16:12
After this, Jesus manifested (ἐφανερώθη)
in a qualitatively different form
to two of them as they walked along in the country.
Mk 16:14
Later, as they were eating, to the Eleven he manifested (ἐφανερώθη)
and rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart,
because they did not believe those who had seen Him after He had risen.
---------------------
Luke and Matt reject Mark's usage
By contrast to the multiple appearances of the φαίνω (phainó) word group in longer Mark, correct me if I'm wrong, but I find only one usage of the φαίνω (phainó) word group in Luke and/or Matt after the tomb is found empty. This is the one usage, and it does not harmonize with Mark's usage:
Luke 24:11
But they did not believe the women, because their words manifested (ἐφάνησαν, ephanēsan)
to them like nonsense.
----------------------
I think Luke knew Mark's longer ending
with its use of the φαίνω (phainó) word group,
and implicitly criticised Mark's usage.
I suspect Mark's longer ending predates Luke and Matt
and I suspect that Luke's attitude toward Mark's use of the
the φαίνω (phainó) word group led to the erasure
of the longer ending of Mark in some manuscripts.
Based on this hypothesis, I've become sympathetic to arguments that Mark's longer ending was written by Mark:
https://textandcanon.org/a-case-for-the ... g-of-mark/
Note the multiple appearances of the φαίνω (phainó) word group:
to bring to light, to cause to appear, i.e. to manifest
https://biblehub.com/greek/5316.htm
2 Cor 4:11
For we who live are always being given over to death for Jesus’ sake,
so that the life of Jesus also may be manifested (φανερωθῇ)
in our mortal flesh.
Mark 4:22
For there is nothing hidden (κρυπτὸν), save that it should be manifested (φανερωθῇ);
neither was anything made secret (ἀπόκρυφον), but in order to manifest (φανερόν).
Mark's Longer Ending
Mk 16:9
Early on the first day of the week, after Jesus had risen, He manifested (ἐφάνη)
first to Mary Magdalene, from whom He had driven out seven demons.
Mk 16:12
After this, Jesus manifested (ἐφανερώθη)
in a qualitatively different form
to two of them as they walked along in the country.
Mk 16:14
Later, as they were eating, to the Eleven he manifested (ἐφανερώθη)
and rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart,
because they did not believe those who had seen Him after He had risen.
---------------------
Luke and Matt reject Mark's usage
By contrast to the multiple appearances of the φαίνω (phainó) word group in longer Mark, correct me if I'm wrong, but I find only one usage of the φαίνω (phainó) word group in Luke and/or Matt after the tomb is found empty. This is the one usage, and it does not harmonize with Mark's usage:
Luke 24:11
But they did not believe the women, because their words manifested (ἐφάνησαν, ephanēsan)
to them like nonsense.
----------------------
I think Luke knew Mark's longer ending
with its use of the φαίνω (phainó) word group,
and implicitly criticised Mark's usage.
I suspect Mark's longer ending predates Luke and Matt
and I suspect that Luke's attitude toward Mark's use of the
the φαίνω (phainó) word group led to the erasure
of the longer ending of Mark in some manuscripts.
Based on this hypothesis, I've become sympathetic to arguments that Mark's longer ending was written by Mark:
https://textandcanon.org/a-case-for-the ... g-of-mark/