Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
- Leucius Charinus
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Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
Abbreviations: NTC = New Testament Canonical literature; NTA = New Testament Apocryphal literature; NHL = Nag Hammadi Library
A summary of an alternative proposal which addresses all the available ancient historical evidence is as follows. The church industry of the later 4th and subsequent centuries has conspired to bury the historical truth about the books of the heretics.
1) The NTA are best viewed as Post-Nicene literary reactions to the circulation of, the contents of, and the political authority invested in NTC Bible codex (including the LXX) by the Roman emperor, and legal Pontifex Maximus, Constantine c.325 CE.
2) The social identity of the authors of the NTA: it will be argued that the authors of the NTA were not Christians, but in fact highly educated and literate pagans, many of whom may be identified as Platonist philosophers.
3) The earlier heresiological narratives (secondary evidence) preserved by the church and which currently support the chronology of the mainstream paradigm for the NTA have been either interpolated or forged by the post Nicene church. The writings of Irenaeus, Tertullian, Justin et al are fabrications. Porphyry's "Life of Plotinus" 16 has been interpolated. These fabrications were undertaken after the later 4th century by both the Greek and Latin church industries. Those responsible were also responsible for the invention of Christian hagiographical literature. martyrological literature, the cult of the Saints and Martyrs and the kick-starting of the Holy Relic Trade which blossomed for over a thousand years. The "Historia Augusta" belongs here too. The forgery of heresiology was motivated by the desire to remove the massive avalanche of NTA books out of the time period when the Bible was first published by the emperor. The NTA were bad press. Constantine didn't need them or want them. He burnt them and executed their authors and preservers. Ultimately history was changed so that some of the books were witnessed by the Ante Nicene church industry in the form of heresiological "Fathers" such as Irenaeus at al.
4) It follows from the above that the proposal views there to have been no heresy prior to the very strong Constantinian Nicene orthodoxy. Arius of Alexandria was therefore the earliest heretic. Arius can be identified as a Platonist philosopher and the author of books which, according to Constantine, “pained and grieved and wounded the church”. It is suggested that Arius was the author of at least some of the NTA. The basis of the Arian controversy concerned the avalanche of the NTA books.
5) All theories for the authorship of the NTC and the history of Christian origins may be entertained in relation to the transmission of the NTC to the 4th century, The proposal here is that no matter when the NTC was composed, whether Jesus is historical or mythical, when the NTC was published by Constantine, none of the books of the NTA had been authored.
Abbreviations: NTC = New Testament Canonical literature; NTA = New Testament Apocryphal literature; NHL = Nag Hammadi Library
A summary of an alternative proposal which addresses all the available ancient historical evidence is as follows. The church industry of the later 4th and subsequent centuries has conspired to bury the historical truth about the books of the heretics.
1) The NTA are best viewed as Post-Nicene literary reactions to the circulation of, the contents of, and the political authority invested in NTC Bible codex (including the LXX) by the Roman emperor, and legal Pontifex Maximus, Constantine c.325 CE.
2) The social identity of the authors of the NTA: it will be argued that the authors of the NTA were not Christians, but in fact highly educated and literate pagans, many of whom may be identified as Platonist philosophers.
3) The earlier heresiological narratives (secondary evidence) preserved by the church and which currently support the chronology of the mainstream paradigm for the NTA have been either interpolated or forged by the post Nicene church. The writings of Irenaeus, Tertullian, Justin et al are fabrications. Porphyry's "Life of Plotinus" 16 has been interpolated. These fabrications were undertaken after the later 4th century by both the Greek and Latin church industries. Those responsible were also responsible for the invention of Christian hagiographical literature. martyrological literature, the cult of the Saints and Martyrs and the kick-starting of the Holy Relic Trade which blossomed for over a thousand years. The "Historia Augusta" belongs here too. The forgery of heresiology was motivated by the desire to remove the massive avalanche of NTA books out of the time period when the Bible was first published by the emperor. The NTA were bad press. Constantine didn't need them or want them. He burnt them and executed their authors and preservers. Ultimately history was changed so that some of the books were witnessed by the Ante Nicene church industry in the form of heresiological "Fathers" such as Irenaeus at al.
4) It follows from the above that the proposal views there to have been no heresy prior to the very strong Constantinian Nicene orthodoxy. Arius of Alexandria was therefore the earliest heretic. Arius can be identified as a Platonist philosopher and the author of books which, according to Constantine, “pained and grieved and wounded the church”. It is suggested that Arius was the author of at least some of the NTA. The basis of the Arian controversy concerned the avalanche of the NTA books.
5) All theories for the authorship of the NTC and the history of Christian origins may be entertained in relation to the transmission of the NTC to the 4th century, The proposal here is that no matter when the NTC was composed, whether Jesus is historical or mythical, when the NTC was published by Constantine, none of the books of the NTA had been authored.
The Nag Hammadi Library: Codex, Tractate, Title and Leaf numbers
It would be helpful if you would give an exhaustive list of your TLA's. I'll help you out with the NHL:Leucius Charinus wrote: ↑Tue Apr 05, 2022 5:59 pm Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
Abbreviations: NTC = New Testament Canonical literature; NTA = New Testament Apocryphal literature; NHL = Nag Hammadi Library
Code: Select all
CodexTractate Title Leaves
NHL CODEX I
1 The Prayer of the Apostle Paul A-B (flyleaf)
2 The Apocryphon of James (The Secret Book of James) 1–16
3 The Gospel of Truth 16–43
4 The Treatise on the Resurrection 43–50
5 The Tripartite Tractate 51–140
NHL CODEX II
1 The Apocryphon of John 1–32
2 The Gospel of Thomas 32–51
3 The Gospel of Philip 51–86
4 The Hypostasis of the Archons 86–97
5 On the Origin of the World 97–127
6 The Exegesis on the Soul 127–137
7 The Book of Thomas the Contender 138–145
NHL CODEX III
1 The Apocryphon of John 1–40
2 The Gospel of the Egyptians 40–69
3 Eugnostos the Blessed 70–90
4 The Sophia of Jesus Christ 90–119
5 The Dialogue of the Saviour 120–149
NHL CODEX IV
1 The Apocryphon of John 1–49
2 The Gospel of the Egyptians 50–81
NHL CODEX V
1 Eugnostos the Blessed 1–17
2 The Apocalypse of Paul 17–24
3 The First Apocalypse of James 24–44
4 The Second Apocalypse of James 44–63
5 The Apocalypse of Adam 63–85
NHL CODEX VI
1 The Acts of Peter and the Twelve Apostles 1–12
2 The Thunder, Perfect Mind 13–21
3 Authoritative Teaching (Authoritative Discourse)23–35
4 The Concept of Our Great Power 36–48
5 Fragments: 588a-589b of Plato's Republic. 48–51
6 The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth 52–63
7 The Prayer of Thanksgiving 63–65
8 Asclepius 65–78
NHL CODEX VII
1 The Paraphrase of Shem 1–49
2 The Second Treatise of the Great Seth 49–70
3 Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter 70–84
4 The Teachings of Silvanus 84–118
5 The Three Steles of Seth 118–127
NHL CODEX VIII
1 Zostrianos 1–132
2 The Letter of Peter to Philip 132–140
NHL CODEX IX
1 Melchizedek 1–27
2 The Thought of Norea 27–29
3 The Testimony of Truth 29–74
NHL CODEX X
1 Marsanes 1–68
NHL CODEX XI
1 The Interpretation of Knowledge 1–21
2 A Valentinian Exposition 22–40
3 Allogenes 40–44
4 Hypsiphrone 45–69
NHL CODEX XII
1 The Sentences of Sextus 15–16, 27-34
2 The Gospel of Truth 35-60
3 fragments
NHL CODEX XIII
1 Trimorphic Protennoia 35–50
2 On the Origin of the World 50
3 fragments
- Leucius Charinus
- Posts: 2848
- Joined: Fri Oct 04, 2013 4:23 pm
- Location: memoriae damnatio
Re: The Nag Hammadi Library: Codex, Tractate, Title and Leaf numbers
Thanks Martijn.mlinssen wrote: ↑Thu Apr 07, 2022 1:46 amIt would be helpful if you would give an exhaustive list of your TLA's. I'll help you out with the NHL:Leucius Charinus wrote: ↑Tue Apr 05, 2022 5:59 pm Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
Abbreviations: NTC = New Testament Canonical literature; NTA = New Testament Apocryphal literature; NHL = Nag Hammadi Library
Code: Select all
CodexTractate Title Leaves NHL CODEX I 1 The Prayer of the Apostle Paul A-B (flyleaf) 2 The Apocryphon of James (The Secret Book of James) 1–16 3 The Gospel of Truth 16–43 4 The Treatise on the Resurrection 43–50 5 The Tripartite Tractate 51–140 NHL CODEX II 1 The Apocryphon of John 1–32 2 The Gospel of Thomas 32–51 3 The Gospel of Philip 51–86 4 The Hypostasis of the Archons 86–97 5 On the Origin of the World 97–127 6 The Exegesis on the Soul 127–137 7 The Book of Thomas the Contender 138–145 NHL CODEX III 1 The Apocryphon of John 1–40 2 The Gospel of the Egyptians 40–69 3 Eugnostos the Blessed 70–90 4 The Sophia of Jesus Christ 90–119 5 The Dialogue of the Saviour 120–149 NHL CODEX IV 1 The Apocryphon of John 1–49 2 The Gospel of the Egyptians 50–81 NHL CODEX V 1 Eugnostos the Blessed 1–17 2 The Apocalypse of Paul 17–24 3 The First Apocalypse of James 24–44 4 The Second Apocalypse of James 44–63 5 The Apocalypse of Adam 63–85 NHL CODEX VI 1 The Acts of Peter and the Twelve Apostles 1–12 2 The Thunder, Perfect Mind 13–21 3 Authoritative Teaching (Authoritative Discourse)23–35 4 The Concept of Our Great Power 36–48 5 Fragments: 588a-589b of Plato's Republic. 48–51 6 The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth 52–63 7 The Prayer of Thanksgiving 63–65 8 Asclepius 65–78 NHL CODEX VII 1 The Paraphrase of Shem 1–49 2 The Second Treatise of the Great Seth 49–70 3 Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter 70–84 4 The Teachings of Silvanus 84–118 5 The Three Steles of Seth 118–127 NHL CODEX VIII 1 Zostrianos 1–132 2 The Letter of Peter to Philip 132–140 NHL CODEX IX 1 Melchizedek 1–27 2 The Thought of Norea 27–29 3 The Testimony of Truth 29–74 NHL CODEX X 1 Marsanes 1–68 NHL CODEX XI 1 The Interpretation of Knowledge 1–21 2 A Valentinian Exposition 22–40 3 Allogenes 40–44 4 Hypsiphrone 45–69 NHL CODEX XII 1 The Sentences of Sextus 15–16, 27-34 2 The Gospel of Truth 35-60 3 fragments NHL CODEX XIII 1 Trimorphic Protennoia 35–50 2 On the Origin of the World 50 3 fragments
Nag Hammadi Library (NHL) ---- AUTHORS = Unknown
Another tabulation for the texts in the NHL is here:
http://mountainman.com.au/essenes/Autho ... _Index.htm
The NHL is a subset of the NTA texts addressed in the OP.
New Testament Apocrypha (NTA) ---- AUTHORS = Unknown
A tabulation for some of the texts in the NTA is here:
http://mountainman.com.au/essenes/Autho ... _Index.htm
https://www.earlychristianwritings.com/apocrypha.html
New Testament Canonical Texts (NTC) ---- AUTHORS = Unknown
A tabulation for the texts in the NTC is here:
https://www.earlychristianwritings.com/ ... ament.html
In addition to these two classes of "Early Christian Literature" there is:
Ecclesiastical History (EH) ---- AUTHORS = Eusebius & his continuators
SEE: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ante-Nicene_Fathers
Ante-Nicene Fathers - 10 volumes (1st century to 325 CE)
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers (Series 1) - 14 volumes (312-c.410 CE)
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers (Series 2) - 14 volumes (312-c.410 CE)
Ecclesiastical History (EH) may be split into various strands as follows:
EH1 - Orthodox doctrines, preservation of NTC, creeds, lists of bishops, collected commentaries, attestations to NT readings, patristic comments, expositions, sermons, testimonia, early church "fathers", catenas, universal church, etc;
EH2 - Persecution by Roman emperors - political history or an ideological myth?
EH3 – Martyrology (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH4 – Hagiography (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH5 - Cult of Saints and Martyrs (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH6 - Holy Relic Trade (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH7 - Heresiology - Heresy, Heresiologists, Heretics, Heresiarchs and the Index Librorum Prohibitorum. (Is this also more (pseudo-historical fabrication);?);
ETA: This thread is a continuation of
viewtopic.php?t=771
This earlier discussion failed to address the forgery of pre-Nicene heresiology
Re: The Nag Hammadi Library: Codex, Tractate, Title and Leaf numbers
It appears that you count Thomas to what you call NTA - which implies that, according to your claim / theory, Thomas dates after 325 CE.Leucius Charinus wrote: ↑Sat Apr 09, 2022 11:48 pmThanks Martijn.mlinssen wrote: ↑Thu Apr 07, 2022 1:46 amIt would be helpful if you would give an exhaustive list of your TLA's. I'll help you out with the NHL:Leucius Charinus wrote: ↑Tue Apr 05, 2022 5:59 pm Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
Abbreviations: NTC = New Testament Canonical literature; NTA = New Testament Apocryphal literature; NHL = Nag Hammadi Library
Code: Select all
CodexTractate Title Leaves NHL CODEX I 1 The Prayer of the Apostle Paul A-B (flyleaf) 2 The Apocryphon of James (The Secret Book of James) 1–16 3 The Gospel of Truth 16–43 4 The Treatise on the Resurrection 43–50 5 The Tripartite Tractate 51–140 NHL CODEX II 1 The Apocryphon of John 1–32 2 The Gospel of Thomas 32–51 3 The Gospel of Philip 51–86 4 The Hypostasis of the Archons 86–97 5 On the Origin of the World 97–127 6 The Exegesis on the Soul 127–137 7 The Book of Thomas the Contender 138–145 NHL CODEX III 1 The Apocryphon of John 1–40 2 The Gospel of the Egyptians 40–69 3 Eugnostos the Blessed 70–90 4 The Sophia of Jesus Christ 90–119 5 The Dialogue of the Saviour 120–149 NHL CODEX IV 1 The Apocryphon of John 1–49 2 The Gospel of the Egyptians 50–81 NHL CODEX V 1 Eugnostos the Blessed 1–17 2 The Apocalypse of Paul 17–24 3 The First Apocalypse of James 24–44 4 The Second Apocalypse of James 44–63 5 The Apocalypse of Adam 63–85 NHL CODEX VI 1 The Acts of Peter and the Twelve Apostles 1–12 2 The Thunder, Perfect Mind 13–21 3 Authoritative Teaching (Authoritative Discourse)23–35 4 The Concept of Our Great Power 36–48 5 Fragments: 588a-589b of Plato's Republic. 48–51 6 The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth 52–63 7 The Prayer of Thanksgiving 63–65 8 Asclepius 65–78 NHL CODEX VII 1 The Paraphrase of Shem 1–49 2 The Second Treatise of the Great Seth 49–70 3 Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter 70–84 4 The Teachings of Silvanus 84–118 5 The Three Steles of Seth 118–127 NHL CODEX VIII 1 Zostrianos 1–132 2 The Letter of Peter to Philip 132–140 NHL CODEX IX 1 Melchizedek 1–27 2 The Thought of Norea 27–29 3 The Testimony of Truth 29–74 NHL CODEX X 1 Marsanes 1–68 NHL CODEX XI 1 The Interpretation of Knowledge 1–21 2 A Valentinian Exposition 22–40 3 Allogenes 40–44 4 Hypsiphrone 45–69 NHL CODEX XII 1 The Sentences of Sextus 15–16, 27-34 2 The Gospel of Truth 35-60 3 fragments NHL CODEX XIII 1 Trimorphic Protennoia 35–50 2 On the Origin of the World 50 3 fragments
Nag Hammadi Library (NHL) ---- AUTHORS = Unknown
Another tabulation for the texts in the NHL is here:
http://mountainman.com.au/essenes/Autho ... _Index.htm
The NHL is a subset of the NTA texts addressed in the OP.
New Testament Apocrypha (NTA) ---- AUTHORS = Unknown
A tabulation for some of the texts in the NTA is here:
http://mountainman.com.au/essenes/Autho ... _Index.htm
https://www.earlychristianwritings.com/apocrypha.html
New Testament Canonical Texts (NTC) ---- AUTHORS = Unknown
A tabulation for the texts in the NTC is here:
https://www.earlychristianwritings.com/ ... ament.html
In addition to these two classes of "Early Christian Literature" there is:
Ecclesiastical History (EH) ---- AUTHORS = Eusebius & his continuators
SEE: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ante-Nicene_Fathers
Ante-Nicene Fathers - 10 volumes (1st century to 325 CE)
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers (Series 1) - 14 volumes (312-c.410 CE)
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers (Series 2) - 14 volumes (312-c.410 CE)
Ecclesiastical History (EH) may be split into various strands as follows:
EH1 - Orthodox doctrines, preservation of NTC, creeds, lists of bishops, collected commentaries, attestations to NT readings, patristic comments, expositions, sermons, testimonia, early church "fathers", catenas, universal church, etc;
EH2 - Persecution by Roman emperors - political history or an ideological myth?
EH3 – Martyrology (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH4 – Hagiography (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH5 - Cult of Saints and Martyrs (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH6 - Holy Relic Trade (pseudo-historical fabrication);
EH7 - Heresiology - Heresy, Heresiologists, Heretics, Heresiarchs and the Index Librorum Prohibitorum. (Is this also more (pseudo-historical fabrication);?);
ETA: This thread is a continuation of
viewtopic.php?t=771
This earlier discussion failed to address the forgery of pre-Nicene heresiology
That would in turn imply that the NT also dates after 325 CE, as textual criticism amply and abundantly demonstrates that the NT copied Thomas
- Leucius Charinus
- Posts: 2848
- Joined: Fri Oct 04, 2013 4:23 pm
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Re: The Nag Hammadi Library: Codex, Tractate, Title and Leaf numbers
I am happy to concede that there may be exceptions, particularly in the case of the "Sayings of Thomas" where the argument is that it may have pre-existed the NTC and that the NTC authors drew upon it as a source. The appearance of gThomas in the NHL may thus be interpreted as a means whereby the editor of NHC II has exposed the literary source. The question still exists who wrote the sayings found in the gThomas and when. IDK the answer to this question although I can offer some possible ideas. I view the author of gThomas as some kind of master philosopher who was into non dual philosophy.mlinssen wrote: ↑Sun Apr 10, 2022 12:00 amIt appears that you count Thomas to what you call NTA - which implies that, according to your claim / theory, Thomas dates after 325 CE.Leucius Charinus wrote: ↑Sat Apr 09, 2022 11:48 pm This earlier discussion failed to address the forgery of pre-Nicene heresiology
That would in turn imply that the NT also dates after 325 CE, as textual criticism amply and abundantly demonstrates that the NT copied Thomas
There is little doubt in my mind that the author of gThomas was not a Christian and that the sayings were prefaced with "IS said". Which opens up the question when were the nomina sacra (I think you call them ligatures) invented and who invented them. We find them saturating both the NTC and the NTA (including the NHL). This is an important question to be answered. As yet there is no general theory for the invention of these abbreviations. However it is clear that neither the Greeks nor the Jews used a great multiplicity of abbreviations. (Sure the Jews used one). OTOH the Romans were completely obsessed with abbreviations in almost every field of their culture. So on the face of things the nomina sacra appear to be a Roman invention (IMO).
Forgery of pre-Nicene heresiology --- eg: Irenaeus
This is a novel contention and I expect some push-back against it. The outline of this is sketched in the OP at point 3). The key pre-Nicene heresiologist suspected of being forged by the later 4th century Nicene church industry is Irenaeus who's attestations to NTA texts such as the Gospel of Judas move the latest possible date from the mid 4th century (where we have both C14 and paleographic dates) to the 2nd/3rd century.
Re: The Nag Hammadi Library: Codex, Tractate, Title and Leaf numbers
Yes, nomina sacra is yet another attempt by Christians to claim them as their property and invention, and it falsely alleges a purpose and goal behind them while there is not a single sane academic paper that claims to have found one.Leucius Charinus wrote: ↑Sun Apr 10, 2022 8:02 pmI am happy to concede that there may be exceptions, particularly in the case of the "Sayings of Thomas" where the argument is that it may have pre-existed the NTC and that the NTC authors drew upon it as a source. The appearance of gThomas in the NHL may thus be interpreted as a means whereby the editor of NHC II has exposed the literary source. The question still exists who wrote the sayings found in the gThomas and when. IDK the answer to this question although I can offer some possible ideas. I view the author of gThomas as some kind of master philosopher who was into non dual philosophy.mlinssen wrote: ↑Sun Apr 10, 2022 12:00 amIt appears that you count Thomas to what you call NTA - which implies that, according to your claim / theory, Thomas dates after 325 CE.Leucius Charinus wrote: ↑Sat Apr 09, 2022 11:48 pm This earlier discussion failed to address the forgery of pre-Nicene heresiology
That would in turn imply that the NT also dates after 325 CE, as textual criticism amply and abundantly demonstrates that the NT copied Thomas
There is little doubt in my mind that the author of gThomas was not a Christian and that the sayings were prefaced with "IS said". Which opens up the question when were the nomina sacra (I think you call them ligatures) invented and who invented them. We find them saturating both the NTC and the NTA (including the NHL). This is an important question to be answered. As yet there is no general theory for the invention of these abbreviations. However it is clear that neither the Greeks nor the Jews used a great multiplicity of abbreviations. (Sure the Jews used one). OTOH the Romans were completely obsessed with abbreviations in almost every field of their culture. So on the face of things the nomina sacra appear to be a Roman invention (IMO).
Forgery of pre-Nicene heresiology --- eg: Irenaeus
This is a novel contention and I expect some push-back against it. The outline of this is sketched in the OP at point 3). The key pre-Nicene heresiologist suspected of being forged by the later 4th century Nicene church industry is Irenaeus who's attestations to NTA texts such as the Gospel of Judas move the latest possible date from the mid 4th century (where we have both C14 and paleographic dates) to the 2nd/3rd century.
Coins are the answer, my friend: very little space there so abbreviations are inevitable
It is all so very obvious and all is hidden in plain sight.
But what is your elevator pitch to all this, what is the REASON for allegedly falsifying the NHL?
You see, one has to have either of the three: motive, opportunity and evidence.
All I used to have was evidence for the NT copying Thomas while opportunity certainly argued against the reverse scenario (and there's good reason for the Christians to want to date Thomas as late as possible, given the fact that some of his material is unique to Mark, Luke as well as Matthew) and now I am laughing hard and wrapping it all up as motive has also presented itself - but what do you have?
- What is your evidence - and can you then please quote a few verses verbatim, with a link to their MS?
- What is your opportunity - and that requires perhaps dating but it certainly requires an assessment of and statement on the scale of things, given your theory
- What is your motive - and can you try to turn that into a synopsis, a 5-10 line convincing case
The 'It's All A Conspiracy!' Theory
What total b.s.
So which is it: delusion, or psychopathic lying? (There's no third option.)
So which is it: delusion, or psychopathic lying? (There's no third option.)
Last edited by billd89 on Mon Apr 11, 2022 12:21 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
Having extensively studied the use of abbreviation in ancient documents there can be no doubt that the nomina sacra phenomenon is Christian. To argue otherwise only betrays (a) a lack of first hand knowledge of the situation and (b) irredeemable stupidity.
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Re: Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
As someone wanting escape from a boring job. What authority do you think you have to argue that everything that is known about a subject is wrong? Is it that you've studied ancient documents in their entirety (mostly from documents found in Egypt because that's where documents survive better) to make the case that nothing is different about Christian abbreviation habits or is it just something you feel like pursuing for some other reason - like a lot of spare time, lack of social life, need to fill the void of meaninglessness in the empty void of human existence? Christian abbreviation patterns are different than ancient abbreviation patterns.
Re: Heresiology before 325 CE has been forged: NT Apocryphal literature is a Post-Nicene reaction to the NT Bible.
It's so very convenient to create your own definitions of something just so you can p0wn them, is it not?Secret Alias wrote: ↑Mon Apr 11, 2022 8:26 am Having extensively studied the use of abbreviation in ancient documents there can be no doubt that the nomina sacra phenomenon is Christian. To argue otherwise only betrays (a) a lack of first hand knowledge of the situation and (b) irredeemable stupidity.
Tell me then, the ⳨: is it a nomen sacrum, or "just a ligature"?