Re: οἷς οὐδὲ in Gal 2:5 as another non-Pauline interpolation (cf Gal 2:7b-8)
Posted: Fri May 19, 2023 8:56 am
Gal 2:5-6agryan wrote: ↑Tue Oct 25, 2022 8:35 am
Galatians 2:2-6 (my proposed critical text οἷς οὐδὲ color coded for verbal echoes in Acts)
Then after fourteen years, I went up again to Jerusalem, this time with Barnabas,
having taken also Titus (συνπαραλαβὼν καὶ Τίτον)...
Yet not even Titus, who was with me (σὺν ἐμοί),
was compelled to be circumcised (περιτμηθῆναι),
even though he was a Greek (Ἕλλην).
But because of false brothers (διὰ δὲ τοὺς... ψευδαδέλφους)
who came in secretly to spy on our freedom that we have in Christ Jesus, in order to enslave us,
οἷς οὐδὲ we yielded to them in subordination for a time,
so that the truth of the gospel might continue towards you,
but from [i.e. by the agency of] those recognized to be something.
Acts 16:1-3
Paul came to Derbe and then to Lystra (both cities are in the Roman province of Galatia),
where he found a disciple named Timothy,
the son of a believing Jewish woman and a Greek (Ἕλλην) father.
The brothers in Lystra and Iconium spoke well of him.
Paul wanted Timothy to come out with him (σὺν αὐτῷ ἐξελθεῖν),
having taken [him] (λαβὼν),
circumcised (περιέτεμεν) him
because of the Jews (διὰ τοὺς Ἰουδαίους) in that area,
for they all knew that his father was a Greek.
---
imho, these verbal echoes suggest that
the author of Acts probably knew this passage in Galatians,
and knew it in its original form (i.e. before οἷς οὐδὲ was added).
"...for an hour we yielded in submission
so that the truth of the gospel might continue towards you
but from those recognized to be something."
Acts 16:3-5
"Paul wanted [Timothy] to accompany him,
[so] he took [him] [and] circumcised him
on account of the Jews in that area,
for they all knew that his father was a Greek.
And as they went from town to town,
they delivered the decisions handed down
by the apostles and elders in Jerusalem for [the people] to obey.
So the churches were strengthened in the faith and grew daily in numbers."
Additional parallels I missed previously,
and they make best sense
without οἷς οὐδὲ!
In Gal, they DID "yield in submission for an hour"
in order for the gospel to spread,
and from those recognized as leaders in Jerusalem.
In Acts, Paul did circumcise Timothy,
so that they could spread the faith
and with authority from the Jerusalem leaders.
My argument is that the text and grammar of Gal 2:5
without οἷς οὐδὲ influenced the writer of Acts 16:1-5.
This literary echo serves as ancient evidence that,
just as Tertullian argues, the authorial text of Gal 2:5
was not "corrupted" by οἷς οὐδὲ (to whom not),
a non-Pauline interpolation.